B1 Olvasott szövegértés
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Sprained Ankle
A sprained ankle is a very common injury. It can happen to athletes and non-athletes, children and adults. It can happen when you take part in sports and physical fitness activities or also when you simply step on an uneven surface. Ankle sprains happen when the foot twists, rolls or turns beyond its normal motions. This causes the ligaments to stretch beyond their normal range. If the force is too strong, the ligaments can tear. Pain and swelling result.
The amount of force determines the grade of the sprain. A mild sprain is a Grade 1 described by slight stretching and some damage to the fibers of the ligament. A moderate sprain is a Grade 2 that means partial tearing of the ligament. Abnormal looseness of the ankle joint occurs. A severe strain is a Grade 3. It is a complete tear of the ligament.
See your doctor to diagnose a sprained ankle. The physical exam may be painful. The doctor may need to move your ankle in various ways to see which ligament has been hurt or torn. The doctor may order an MRI scan if he or she suspects a very severe injury to the ligaments, or injury to the joint surface.
Walking may be difficult because of the swelling and pain. You may need to use crutches if walking causes pain. Usually swelling and pain will last two to three days. Most ankle sprains need only about four to six weeks to heal. The doctor may tell you to incorporate motion early in the healing process to prevent stiffness.
For a Grade 1 sprain, use R.I.C.E (rest, ice, compression and elevation): Rest your ankle by not walking on it. Ice should be immediately applied. It keeps the swelling down. It can be used for 20 minutes to 30 minutes, three or four times daily. Compression dressings immobilize and support the injured ankle. Elevate your ankle above your heart level for 48 hours.
For a Grade 2 sprain, the RICE guidelines can also be used. Allow more time for healing to occur. The doctor may also use a device to immobilize the ankle.
A Grade 3 sprain can be associated with permanent instability. Surgery is rarely needed. A short leg cast or a cast-brace may be used for two to three weeks.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be used to control pain and inflammation.